When it comes to scrap recycling, one of the most common questions we hear is: What are ferrous and nonferrous metals? Knowing the difference between ferrous and non-ferrous metals not only helps with recycling but also gives you a better idea of their value and uses in everyday industries.
At Universal Scrap Metal – Perth, we work with both ferrous metals and non-ferrous metals, and here’s a simple breakdown you’ll find helpful.
What Is a Ferrous Metal?
If you’re searching for what a ferrous metal is or the definition of a ferrous metal, the explanation is simple: ferrous metals are those that contain iron. Because they contain iron, they are generally strong, durable, and magnetic.
Ferrous metal’s meaning is usually linked with strength. They are essential in construction, transport, and heavy machinery. However, one downside is that most ferrous metals rust when exposed to moisture unless treated or alloyed with other elements.
Common Types of Ferrous Metals
- Steel – The most widely recycled material in the world, steel is made from iron and carbon. It’s a key material in buildings, bridges, cars, and machines.
- Carbon Steel – Stronger due to its higher carbon content, often used in drills, blades, automotive parts, and tools.
- Alloy Steel – Made stronger and more durable by adding elements like nickel, chrome, or titanium. Used in machine parts and electrical components.
- Cast Iron – A mixture of iron, carbon, and silica, known for its hardness. Found in engines, pipes, cookware, and machinery.
- Wrought Iron – Almost pure iron with very little carbon, often used for gates, fences, chains, and decorative items.
Ferrous metals are often used in construction because of their compressive strength. For example, structural steel is the backbone of modern bridges and skyscrapers.
What Are Non-Ferrous Metals?
Now, let’s define the opposite: what are non-ferrous metals, or what is a non-ferrous metal? Simply put, non-ferrous metals do not contain iron. This makes them lighter, more resistant to corrosion, and easier to shape. They’re also non-magnetic, which makes them crucial in electronics and wiring.
Types of Ferrous Metals
- Copper – Known for its excellent electrical and thermal conductivity. It’s used in wiring, plumbing, and electronics. (Is copper a ferrous metal? No, it’s non-ferrous.)
- Aluminium – Lightweight, malleable, and strong. It’s used in packaging, cars, planes, and construction.
- Zinc – Most commonly used to galvanise steel, adding a protective layer to prevent rust.
- Lead – Dense and corrosion-resistant, used in batteries, soldering, and roofing.
- Tin – Soft and pliable, often used to coat other metals, especially in food cans.
Because they don’t rust and are lightweight, non-ferrous metals are essential in industries like roofing, transport, and aerospace.
Difference Between Ferrous and Non-Ferrous Metals
If you’re looking for a straightforward comparison:
- Ferrous metals = contain iron, magnetic, heavy, strong (used in buildings, vehicles, tools).
- Non-ferrous metals = no iron, lightweight, rust-resistant (used in electronics, wiring, packaging).
That’s the simple way to define ferrous and non-ferrous metals.
Why the Difference Matters in Recycling
In the scrap industry, knowing the difference between ferrous and non-ferrous metals is vital because it impacts pricing.
- Ferrous metals like steel and iron are abundant and recycled in huge volumes worldwide. Their prices tend to remain stable, but they’re generally lower.
- Non-ferrous metals like copper, brass, and aluminium are rarer and more valuable. Their prices per kilo can fluctuate depending on demand, but they’re usually much higher.
So whether you’re dealing with ferrous & non ferrous metals from construction, household scrap, or industry, separating them correctly ensures you get the best returns.
Ferrous Metallurgy – A Quick Note
You might have come across the term ferrous metallurgy. This refers to the science and technology of producing and processing ferrous metals, especially steel. It’s the backbone of modern construction and manufacturing.
Why Choose Universal Scrap Metal – Perth?
At Universal Scrap Metal, we specialise in recycling both ferrous & non-ferrous metals safely and responsibly. Whether it’s heavy machinery, household scrap, copper wiring, or aluminium cans, we make sure your metals are recycled in an eco-friendly way — while helping you earn extra revenue.
FAQs About Ferrous & Non-Ferrous Metals
1. What is ferrous metal?
Ferrous metal refers to any metal that contains iron, such as steel, cast iron, or wrought iron.
2. What are non-ferrous metals?
A non ferrous metal does not contain iron, like copper, aluminium, zinc, or lead.
3. What is the easiest way to tell the difference between ferrous and non-ferrous metals?
The magnet test. If a magnet sticks, it’s usually ferrous. If not, it’s non-ferrous.
4. Is copper a ferrous metal?
No, copper is a non-ferrous metal. It’s highly valuable in scrap recycling because of its excellent conductivity.
5. Why are non-ferrous metals more valuable than ferrous metals?
Because non-ferrous metals are less common, lighter, and corrosion-resistant, their demand is higher, especially in industries like electronics and aerospace.